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Overview of IoT Features

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Features of Internet of Things (IoT)

Any IoT device comes up with the following features:

1. Connectivity

In the case of IoT, the most important feature one can consider is connectivity. Without seamless communication among the interrelated components of the IoT ecosystems (i.e., sensors, compute engines, data hubs, etc.), it is impossible to execute any proper business use case. IoT devices can be connected over Radio waves, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Li-Fi, etc. We can leverage various protocols of internet connectivity layers to maximize efficiency and establish generic connectivity across IoT ecosystems and Industries. Special cases may involve building the IoT ecosystem on-premises or within an intranet.

2. Sensing

Humans can naturally understand and analyze our circumstances easily based on past experiences with various things or situations. In the case of IoT, we need to read the analog signal and convert it to derive meaningful insights from it to get the best of it. We use Electrochemical, gyroscope, pressure, light sensors, GPS, Electrochemical, pressure, RFID, etc., to gather data based on a particular problem. For example, we use Light detection and pressure, velocity, and imagery sensors for automotive use cases. We must choose the proper sensing paradigm to make a use case successful.

3. Active Engagements 4. Scale

Designing IoT devices with easy scalability, both up and down, on-demand is essential. IoT is utilized across a wide range of applications, ranging from smart home automation to the automation of large factories and workstations. As a result, the scale of use cases varies significantly. A carrier should design its IoT infrastructure depending on its current and future engagement scale.

5. Dynamic Nature

For any IoT use case, the first and foremost step is to collect and convert data so that business decisions can be made out of it. In this whole process, various components of IoT need to change their state dynamically. For example, the input of a temperature sensor will vary continuously based on weather conditions, locations, etc. IoT devices should be designed with this keeping in mind.

6. Intelligence

In almost every IoT use case in today’s world, the data is used to make important business insights and drive important business decisions. We develop machine learning/ deep learning models on top of this massive data to obtain valuable insights. The analog signals are preprocessed and converted to a format on which machine-learning models are trained. We need to remember the proper data infrastructure based on business needs.

7. Energy 8. Safety

One of the main features of the IoT ecosystem is security. Connectivity components pass sensitive information from endpoints to the analytics layer in the entire flow of an IoT ecosystem. While designing an IoT system, we must adhere to proper safety, security measures, and firewalls to keep the data from misuse and manipulation. Compromising any component of an IoT ecosystem can eventually lead to the failure of the whole pipeline.

9. Integration

IoT integrates various cross-domain models to enrich user experience. It also ensures proper trade-off between infrastructure and operational costs.

Conclusion

The expansion and design of optimal IoT systems are still an active area of research, so in practice, not all IoT products come up with this set of features of the standard. It mainly depends on the use cases and industry where the ecosystem needs to be incorporated. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a connected smart device technology with incremental use cases across industries. With the increasing use across various industries, defining a common standard of IoT ecosystems is becoming necessary. As a design standard, any IoT device has common features like connectivity, analytics, endpoint management, etc. Let’s discuss the high-level feature maps of IoT devices.